🔤 Present simple: I do, I don’t, Do I?
| 🔹 Form | ✅ Example | 👀 Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| ✅ Positive |
I work in a café. He works in a café. |
Use base verb (play, eat, go). Add -s/-es for he/she/it. |
| ❌ Negative |
I don’t watch TV at night. She doesn’t watch TV at night. |
Use don’t (I/you/we/they) or doesn’t (he/she/it) + base verb. |
| ❓ Question |
Do you like coffee? Does he like coffee? |
Start with do/does + subject + base verb. |
| ✅ Short Answer |
Yes, I do. Yes, he does. |
Use Yes + subject + do/does. |
| ❌ Negative Short Answer |
No, I don’t. No, she doesn’t. |
Use No + subject + don’t/doesn’t. |
| ⚠️ Common Mistakes |
❌ She don’t speak English. ✅ She doesn’t speak English. ❌ Does he drives to work? ✅ Does he drive to work? ❌ He walk to school. ✅ He walks to school. |
❗ Remember: - Use doesn’t (not don’t) for he/she/it. - After do/does, always use the base form (not with -s). - In positive sentences, he/she/it needs -s/-es. |
🔤 Spelling of Verbs with He / She / It
In the Present Simple, we usually add -s to the verb for he/she/it. But there are some spelling rules to follow depending on how the verb ends.
| 🔹 Infinitive | 👤 He / She / It | 📝 Spelling Rule |
|---|---|---|
| read | reads | ✅ Add -s to most verbs. |
| mix | mixes | 🔠 Add -es to verbs ending in -o, -ch, -sh, -ss, -x. |
| wash | washes | 🔠 -sh → add -es. |
| try | tries | ✏️ Verbs ending in consonant + y: change y → ies. |
| enjoy | enjoys | ✅ If the verb ends in vowel + y, just add -s. |
⚠️ Common Mistakes
- ❌ He do homework. → ✅ He does homework.
- ❌ She wash her hands. → ✅ She washes her hands.
- ❌ My brother try to cook. → ✅ My brother tries to cook.
- ❌ It fly very high. → ✅ It flies very high.
🧠 Tip: Only he, she, it (and singular nouns) follow these spelling changes. All other forms use the base verb!
🕒 When to Use Present Simple
| 📘 Situation | ✅ Examples |
|---|---|
|
🔁 Habits / Regular actions Things we do again and again. |
☕ I drink tea every morning. 🚶 I walk to work on weekdays. ❌ I never walk to work. |
|
🌍 Permanent or general truths Things that are always or usually true. |
🐶 I don’t like dogs. 🏠 My apartment is small. 👨👩👧 I have one sister. 🌞 The sun rises in the east. 🍝 I like pasta. |
Exercises:
Present simple: I do, I don’t, Do I?
Choose the correct present simple forms to complete the following sentences.
1
I
breakfast at 8 am.
2
She
tea after dinner.
3
They
to music every evening.
4
you like horror films?
5
My brother
football on Saturdays.
6
it snow in winter here?
7
Our neighbors
loud music at night.
8
He
two languages fluently.
9
We
go to the gym on Mondays.
10
they live near the station?
Present simple: I do, I don’t, Do I?
Transform the following sentences into negatives. EXAMPLE: I love pizza. ⇒ I don’t love pizza.
1
She likes apples. ⇒ She
apples.
2
I go to school by bus. ⇒ I
to school by bus.
3
They watch TV in the evening. ⇒ They
TV in the evening.
4
He studies English every day. ⇒ He
English every day.
5
You work on Saturdays. ⇒ You
on Saturdays.
6
We have a car. ⇒ We
a car.
7
It rains a lot here. ⇒ It
a lot here.
8
Mary speaks Spanish. ⇒ Mary
Spanish.
9
The dog barks at night. ⇒ The dog
at night.
10
John eats breakfast at 7. ⇒ John
breakfast at 7.
Present simple: I do, I don’t, Do I?
Write questions in present simple. EXAMPLE: Peter / drive / a fast car. ⇒ Does Peter drive a fast car?
1
Anna / read / books ⇒
?
2
you / drink / tea in the morning ⇒
?
3
Mike / work / at a bank ⇒
?
4
children / eat / vegetables ⇒
?
5
she / drive / to school ⇒
?
6
we / need / books for the class ⇒
?
7
the dog / bark / at night ⇒
?
8
they / go / to the park on Sundays ⇒
?
9
he / like / sushi ⇒
?
10
your friends / live / near here ⇒
?